Texas Holdem Blinds Order
One of the most challenging areas to play for maximum profit
in Texas holdem is the blinds.
Even when you get to see the flop for free in an unraised
pot, it’s easy to lose money because you’re in the worst
position at the table.
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Where do you draw the line in the small blind? Should you
call a half bet with a small pair or a small suited connector?
How good does your hand need to be to call a bet and a half but
not raise?
Can you fold 90% of the blinds and still turn a long term
profit? The answer may surprise you.
Once you have a good strategy for blind play worked out, if
you switch between limit and no limit Texas holdem you’ll need
to be able to adjust your play. While many hands play the same
between the two variations, many don’t.
The Positional Disadvantage
Even though position has already been mentioned, it forms the
basis of everything else on the page so it needs mentioned
again.
Everything you do while playing Texas holdem needs to be done
while considering your position. Position directly affects your
starting hand choices because some hands can only be played form
certain positions profitably.
Medium suited connectors, like the eight and nine of
diamonds, can only be played from late position in most games
for a profit. In a few games the best players can play them from
middle position, but even the best players don’t waste their
money on them from middle position.
The mistake players make is thinking about the money they’ve
already put in the pot as theirs. It stops being your money the
second you push it forward for the blinds.
The only thing you need to consider is how the strength of
your starting hand works with your position in relation to the
button. If you can play a hand from the worst positions at the
table for a profit you should play, but if not you should fold.
Even if you see the flop for free you should fold most hands
after checking.
Limit Play
Limit Texas holdem and no limit holdem are both played almost
100% the same, but the way you have to play each of them to
maximize your profitability isn’t the same.
The biggest difference in how you have to think about limit
and no limit play is that limit is a more straightforward
mathematical game. In no limit you can make up for a
questionable starting hand by winning a huge pot when you hit
your hand, but in limit play the maximum amount you can win with
each hand is limited.
In no limit Texas holdem you can often call a raise with a
middle pair, like sevens or eights, because when you hit a set
you can win more than eight times your initial call when you
hit. You hit a set roughly one out of every eight times so you
need to be able to win more than eight times your call in order
to show a long term profit. No limit play makes this possible.
The same situation is rarely profitable in limit play. While
it’s easy to assume you can win eight times your call, the truth
is that many times you won’t.
It’s easy to say that limit Texas holdem is more mathematical
than no limit, but how do you learn from and take advantage of
this information?
The first thing you must do is learn that starting hand
selection is the number one thing you need to master in order to
be a long term winner while playing limit holdem. The player who
enters the pot with the best starting hand tends to win more
often than the player with a worse hand. This makes a great deal
of sense, but the best players combine strong starting hands
with smart play.
Once you learn the range of starting hands you can play from
each position you need to focus on learning as much as possible
about your opponents. When you’re playing from the blinds you
have to find every advantage you can.
When you see the flop in limit Texas holdem the rest of the
hand should play out based on odds and pot odds. You’ve seen
five out of the seven total cards you’ll use to make up your
hand, know the amount in the pot, and should have somewhat of an
idea of where you stand in the hand.
- If you check and face a bet are you receiving the
correct pot odds to call? - If the flop is checked around should you fire a bet on
the turn to try to take down the pot? - Should you call a single bet on the river with a third
or fourth best possible hand?
These questions all have answers based on your chances to win
the hand with your current holdings. And because limit play has
a capped betting limit on each round you have a specific number
of bets and / or pot amount to use to determine the best course
of action.
No Limit Play
You have slightly more options for starting hand play in no
limit Texas holdem from the blinds, but only if you’re able to
play well after the flop.
Some no limit holdem players are able to play trap hands
profitably from the blinds, but you really have to be able to
play well out of position to play this type of game well.
Trap hands include medium pairs and suited connectors.
The medium pairs can win big pots when you hit a set and the
suited connectors can win pots with flushes, but their largest
value is in well-disguised straights. Notice that small pocket
pairs aren’t included on the list.
While small pocket pairs can also hit a set and win a big pot
the problem is when a higher pocket pair hits their set. This
won’t happen often but you’re almost guaranteed to get stacked
when this happens. This makes a large dent into your possible
profits from hitting a set. The value of playing for a set is
stacking your opponents, not losing your entire stack.
The lower the pocket pair you play the higher the chance of
another player having a higher set when you hit. Specific advice
for which pocket pairs to play and which ones to fold vary, but
in general avoid anything lower than pocket fives. Some consider
anything lower than pocket sevens questionable.
If you’ve got a good enough read on your opponent and / or
the ability to lay down a set of threes or fours when you’re
beat you may be able to play them profitably. But very few
players are this good.
In limit play when you see the flop with a poor hand from the
blinds or call a bet to see the turn you stand to lose a bet or
two. But when you see a flop with a poor hand in no limit you
stand the chance to get stuck in a hand with higher
consequences.
Imagine the following scenario.
You’re in the small blind with the eight of clubs and the
jack of diamonds and you see the flop for a half bet. The flop
comes down jack high with three different suits. This gives you
top pair with a terrible kicker.
How are you going to play on the flop? Are you going to check
or bet? What happens if you bet and get raised? What if you
check and an opponent makes a big bet? While it’s the best hand
occasionally, the odds of jacks with an eight kicker being good
in a big pot are almost nonexistent. This is the classic case of
either winning a small pot or losing a big one. You need to be
on the other end of this equation, not on this side.
This illustrates both the problem of playing out of position
and the problem of entering a no limit pot with a poor hand.
When you have to make decisions that can involve your entire
stack each decision becomes magnified.
Raising From the Blinds
The only time you should raise from the blinds is when you’d
normally raise from the under the gun position.
Large pocket pairs and aces with a high kicker, preferably
suited, are your best bets.
The advice listed elsewhere on this page about never calling
from the blinds is still relevant. If you decide to play a hand
and can’t check to see the flop you should raise. If you don’t
feel comfortable raising you should strongly consider folding.
Once you become a strong player showing long term profit
you’ll find certain hands in certain games can be played
profitably by calling a bet in the blinds, but it’s a large leak
in many player’s games so don’t do it until you’re a good
player.
Of course you can occasionally raise with a different hand if
the level of competition is good enough to pay attention. At the
lower levels you should play straight forward poker, but as your
competition gets better you have to take precautions to not be
predictable.
When you decide you need to change up your play a little it’s
important not to go overboard. Raise with a different hand than
normal once or twice per playing session.
The best hands to take a shot with are suited
connectors. Usually if you hit the flop after making a raise
with one of these hands you have a well-disguised hand.
You can also consider making a raise with a medium pair and
hope for a set, but if you play this way you have to be willing
to fire a continuation bet on the flop most of the time even if
you miss your set. This isn’t a profitable long term play most
of the time, so you need to resist the urge to play these weaker
hands for a raise too often.
Defending Your Blinds
Have you ever heard players talking about how they have to
defend their blinds? Or have you ever felt a late position
player was raising too much trying to steal your blinds? If so,
what did you do?
Most players are convinced their opponents in late position
are always trying to steal their blinds. And some players do
raise too often in an attempt to steal blinds.
The reaction from most players is to start firing a raise
back at the late position aggressor. While this is a possible
way to challenge someone stealing your blinds, what do you do if
they re-raise?
It can be irritating to have a player constantly raise when
you’re in the blinds, but you need to forget about the concept
of protecting your blinds. You need to wait for a good hand and
raise with it and fold all of your poor and medium strength
hands to a raise.
What many players forget is that sometimes the late position
aggressor has a real hand and she gets to play the hand with
position against you.
Don’t forget that the blinds aren’t yours once you put them
in the pot.
The Ultimate Strategy
At the end of the day most Texas holdem players participate
in too many pots from the blinds.
They think that since it’s only half a bet from the small
blind or a single extra bet in a raised pot from the big blind
that the odds would surely say they need to call with almost any
hand. After all, any hand can win, right?
While it’s certainly true that any hand can win, the real
question that needs to be considered is if a call is more
profitable in the long run than any other option.
Everyone that’s been playing Texas holdem for long has
probably seen the worst starting hand, an unsuited seven and
two, win a pot. But the only time it’s even close to correct to
see the flop with this hand is from the big blind when the pot
hasn’t been raised. Even in this situation, the only time you
should do anything other than check and fold to a bet is when
the flop improves your hand in a big way.
In most no limit games you need to improve to better than two
pair to continue with the hand. This means if you don’t have
three of a kind or better you should be looking for a way to get
out of the pot.
Until you reach the level where you’ve mastered enough of the
other parts of Texas holdem to be a consistent winning player
you should fold everything in the blinds that you wouldn’t play
from early position.
If you see a flop for free simply check and fold to any bet
unless your hand improves a great deal or you have a strong read
on your opponent.
The hands most winning players are willing to play rom early
position are limited to the top starting hands. Here’s a list of
possible starting hands.
- Pair of aces
- Pair of kings
- Pair of queens
- Pair of jacks
- Pair of tens
- Ace king suited
- Ace king off-suit
- Ace queen suited
- Ace queen off-suit
- Ace jack suited
What Should The Blinds Be In Texas Holdem
Even hands as strong as JJ and 10 10 have to be played mostly
for set value in most games. In many no limit holdem games you
can play medium pocket pairs from the blinds for set value as
well, but you have to be good enough to make them pay off at a
high enough rate when you hit your set.
This is harder to do when you’re out of position and when the
pre flop action doesn’t have an aggressor.
If you have any hesitation about what to do with a hand in
the blinds you should fold.
Don’t overanalyze the situation or start loosening your
starting hand standards just because you’re in the blinds.
Going hand in hand with your tight starting hand requirements
from the blinds, don’t call any bets from the blinds. Check,
raise, or fold whenever you’re in the blinds. If you never call
you force yourself to only play your best hands and play them
aggressively.
Summary
During your next few Texas holdem poker sessions fold every
blind that you can’t make a raise with. This has an immediate
impact on most Texas holdem players by improving their game and
overall profitability.
Even if you end up folding a few hands that could be
borderline profitable in the long run, you’ll make up for it by
eliminating many hands that lose money. Never forget the reason
for playing Texas holdem is to win as much money as possible,
not defend your blinds or get into pots with poor hands out of
position.
You read a question in the opening about being able to fold
90% of your hands in the blinds and still being able to turn a
profit. It was somewhat of a trick question. It’s hard to turn a
profit by playing more than 10% of your hands from the blind, so
yes you can be profitable folding 90% of your blind hands.
Welcome to our Texas Holdem guide.
The idea behind this guide is to walk you through the basic rules and strategies to Texas Holdem. While a lot of sites have articles written on the same topics, they’re not as easy to understand as ours. They’re not packaged neatly into a handy guide like ours, either, leaving you to figure out what you should read and in what order.
So if you want to pick up the game of Texas Holdem quickly, and blend into any table you sit down at, this is the guide for you.
Our Holdem guide will be divided into 4 parts. We’ll start with rules and end with basic strategies. In the first part of our guide, I’m going to explain the rules of Texas Holdem, what (hands) beats what, betting formats and betting basics for beginners. Everything you need to know to play your first game of Texas Holdem.
Texas Holdem Guide » Part 2 » Part 3 » Part 4
Good luck and enjoy!
Texas Holdem Rules
Your first task is to learn the rules of Texas Holdem. The game appears to be complicated because there are 4 rounds, each with a new card and opportunity to bet.
But trust me, it’s not as complicated as you may think. I’m going to walk through a complete hand now. I’m sure you’ll pick it up quickly.
Note: All my examples will use 5/10 blinds.
Pre Flop
Pre flop is the first stage of a Texas Holdem hand. This is when the cards are dealt, players bet and decide whether or not they want to be involved in the hand.
The first thing that will happen is the blinds will be posted. The blinds are essentially antes that create dead money and encourage players to play, as opposed to sitting around waiting for good hand.
There are two blinds that need to be posted; the small blind and the big blind. The small blind is the first player to the left of the dealer button. This player will post $5. The player to his left (and two seats to the left of the dealer button) is the big blind. This player posts $10.
That’s it. The blinds will change each hand, as the dealer button moves around the table.
After the blinds have been posted, the dealer will give each player 2 cards, one at a time, starting with the small blind and moving clockwise around the table. Each players’ “hole cards” are dealt faced down.
After the cards have been dealt the first betting round will begin. The betting action starts with the player to the immediate left of the big blind, also known as the player under-the-gun or UTG. This player has the option to call the big blind, raise or fold.
Once the UTG player has acted, the action will continue clockwise around the table until each player has acted. Each player will have the option to call, raise or fold. The blinds will be the last players to act in an un-raised pot. The small blind will have the option to pay the difference between the small and big blind or “complete,” and the big blind can check his option. Both players can raise, too, if they choose.
The pre flop action will end once all the players but one have folded, or two or more players have completed the betting round and are ready to see the flop.
The Flop
The flop is the first community round.
The first thing that will happen is the dealer will place 3 community cards in the middle of the table (face up). All players can use these 3 cards to make the best 5-card poker hand.
After the flop has been dealt, another betting round will start. On the flop (and all subsequent rounds) the betting action will start with the first remaining player to the left of the dealer button and move around the table clockwise.
The betting options include check, bet, raise or fold. This depends on the action that took place before each player acts. If you’re not familiar with these betting options, I cover them in more detail below.
The betting round ends the same as pre flop. Either all but one player folds, or two or more players have ended the betting round and are ready for the next community card.
The Turn
The turn is also known as 4th street. It’s the 4th community card dealt that players can use to make their poker hand.
The betting round on the turn is the same as the flop.
The River
The river is the fifth and final community card that players can use to make their hand. It’s also known as 5th street. The betting action on the river is the same as the turn.
Showdown
After the betting round on the river, and assuming two or more players are still in the hand, there will be a showdown. Players will show their cards so that a winner can be determined.
The showdown is simple. In an un-raised pot, the first player to the left of the dealer button will show their hand first. In a raised pot, the first player to show their hand is the player who raised last on the river. Then the action continues clockwise around the table. Each player can muck their hand (not show), or if their hand is better (and they want to win the pot, they can show their hand.
Then the pot is awarded to the best hand.
That’s an entire hand of Texas Holdem. Once the pot has been awarded the cards will be collected and reshuffled. The dealer button will move one seat to the left, new blinds will be posted and a new hand of Texas Holdem will be dealt.
What Hands Beat What in Texas Holdem
One thing that trips new players up is determining what hands beat what. It’s real simple for Texas Holdem. Here are the winning hands, from best to worst:
- Royal Flush – AKQJT suited.
- Straight Flush – 5 cards in a row, all of the same suit. For example, 34567 suited.
- 4 of a kind – 4 cards of the same value. For example, 4444x.
- Full House – A 3 of a kind and a pair. For example, 3-3-3-2-2.
- Flush – 5 cards of the same suit. For example, A-8-5-4-2 suited.
- Straight – 5 cards in a row. For example, 5-6-7-8-9.
- 3 of a kind – 3 cards of the same value. For example, 3-3-3-x-x.
- 2 Pair – Example: 2-2-3-3-x.
- 1 Pair – Example: A-A-8-4-2
- High Card – Example: A-K-J-3-2
In Texas Holdem you can make these hands (and win) using any combination of the community cards and your hole cards.
If there is a tie the pot will be split. It will be split however many times is necessary. For example, if 3 players have 78 and they all have straights, each of them will earn 1/3 the pot.
If two or more players have the same type of hand, the better or higher hand will win. For example, an ace high flush will beat a queen high flush.
Betting Formats and Actions
Texas Holdem is played in several variations and betting formats. They’ll impact the game in a number of ways including time, variance, dead money, betting caps and more.
In this section I want to take a couple of minutes to explain the different betting formats you’ll come across. That way you can choose which type of game you prefer, and at the very least understand how they all work. I’ll also explain the different betting options you have during each betting round in Texas Holdem.
What Kind of Betting Formats Are There in Texas Holdem?
Limit Betting – Limit (or fixed limit) betting used to be the most popular format before no limit took over. With this betting format there are a couple of things to be aware of.
On the pre flop and flop rounds, only the small bet ($5) is used. On the turn and river the big bet ($10) is used. And there is (usually) a cap of 1 bet and 3 raises for any round. This does vary from one casino to the next, though. Last thing — players can only raise one increment (small or big bet) at a time. In other words, if someone bets $5, you can only raise $5, to a total of $10.
Pot Limit Betting – What distinguishes pot limit betting from other formats is that the amount of money in the pot determines how much someone can bet. In other words, if there is $10 in the pot, the next player to act can’t bet more than $10. If they put $10 in the pot, making the total $20, the next player to act can only bet $20. Every time the size of the pot increases, the amount of money the next person can bet also increases.
No Limit Betting – No limit Texas Holdem is the most popular version played today. There is no limit to how much someone can bet. And at any time a player can push their entire stack in middle, going “all in.”
Note – For the pot and no limit betting formats, raises must be the minimum of the current bet to call. For example, if the amount to call is $10, the minimum raise must be $20. If it’s $26, the minimum you can raise is to $52.
Blinds – The blinds are forced bets that the first two players to the left of the dealer must post before the cards are dealt. The first player is the small blind and posts the smaller of the two bets, and the second is the big blind, and this player posts the bigger of the two bets. In a cash game the blinds never change. However, in a tournament and sit and go the blinds will change every so often, usually every 5-20 minutes.
Antes – Antes are a forced bet that each player must post before they are dealt cards. This is in addition to the blinds. They’re usually 10-20% the size of the blinds.
Caps – In a capped game players can only lose so much per hand. The amount you can lose per hand depends on the game.
Short, Standard, Deep Stacks – This refers to the maximum number of big blinds someone can buy in for (in a cash game). In short stack games the maximum is 40 big blinds. In standard games you can buy in for 100 big blinds and 150+ in deep stack games.
Blind Levels – You only have to worry about blind levels if you’re playing a Texas Holdem tournament or sit and go. The blinds will start low, around 10/20 or 25/50, and increase every 5-20 minutes. Each tournament will have a different structures and time frames.
Betting Actions
These are the betting options you have during a betting round in Texas Holdem.
Fold – You decide not to play your hand and toss it into the muck. If you fold you cannot win the pot.
Call – You call the last bet made. In an un-raised pot, you call the amount of the big blind. If someone raises, you must call the amount they bet.
Raise – A raise must be in increments of the last bet made. For example, in an un-raised pot at 5/10, the minimum you can raise is 10, to a total of 20. However, if someone raises to 35 (total), your minimum re-raise must be 35, to a total of 70.
Check – Checking is like saying, I pass. You give up your turn to bet (unless someone bets and the action comes back to you). It is possible for every player to check and the betting round to end with no additional money put into the pot.
Betting Basics for Beginners
From experience, I can tell you that most beginners don’t know how to bet correctly. They bet for the sake of it or for the wrong reasons. And when they do bet, their sizing is off, which doesn’t accomplish their goals and/or wastes chips.
My goal for the last section of our guide is to go into detail about how betting works in Texas Holdem, and to put you on the path to making correctly sized bets.
Mistakes Beginners Make When Betting
Lets start with the biggest mistakes beginner Holdem players make when they bet. The biggest mistakes I see are:
- Beginners bet too big. (You don’t want to bet too small, either, but instead find a balance.) The problem with betting too big is that at some point the extra chips don’t do anything. In other words, at 5/10, betting 200 chips is going to do the same thing as betting 50. So why bet 200?
- Your bets are transparent. A mistake players make is bet small with their premium hands (to keep other players in the pot), limp with weaker hands they don’t mind folding, and then betting huge with premium, but vulnerable hands. Betting like this makes it obvious to everyone what you have.
- Betting for no reason. Sometimes players bet just for the sake of it.
Blinds In Texas Holdem Poker
Beginners make other betting mistakes, too, but a lot of that falls under specific strategies. That’s too much (and too advanced) for me to cover here.
How to (Size Your) Bet Correctly
With the common mistakes out of the way, lets look at the right ways and times to bet.
Pre Flop Bet Sizing
One of the concepts I want to drill into you is that you should only bet enough to get the job done. No more, and no less.
So how much do you bet preflop?
The standard is 3x the big blind. With blinds of 5/10, the standard raise will be to $30. Depending on the game and stakes you’re playing, however, your bet sizing can vary from 2-5x. For example, in tournaments a min-raise (2x) bet is very common for the later stages. And in micro stakes games, you can usually get away with betting 4-5x with your premium hands and the other players won’t know the difference.
Note: One important thing to keep in mind is that you want to keep your bet sizes as consistent as possible, especially the higher the stakes you play.
In the scenario that a player limps in before you act, the rule of thumb (if you choose to raise) is to raise 3x the big blind plus 1 big blind for every limper. For example, if 3 players limp into the pot at 5/10, you’d bet $60. I use the same rule of thumb for my 3-bets (re-raises), too.
How Blinds Work In Texas Holdem
Post Flop Bet Sizing
When you make a bet post flop your bets should (almost always) be in relation to the size of the pot. And the amount you choose to bet will depend on a number of factors including:
- Your opponent
- Your hand
- The board texture
- Your goal
To come back to my main point, only bet as much as you have to (when bluffing) and as much as you can (when betting for value). And these should blend (balance) as much as possible, so that your opponents cannot tell the difference. That way you don’t give away any information that can be used against you.
To give you an example:
On a drier flop (like A-T-3 rainbow) with 125 chips in the pot, a continuation bet of 75 chips is reasonable. If the flop is wet (has a lot of draws possible), then betting closer to 100 chips will work.
One thing you don’t want to do is over bet the pot. For example, if the pot has 500 chips in it, your bet should be less than 500 chips. I wouldn’t bet 550, 700 or shove all in (like many beginners do), regardless of the hand you have, or how vulnerable it may be. Betting close to the size of the pot is inducing enough mistakes from players on a draw as is, so only bet as much as you have to. There are exceptions, but these are advanced topics and not something I’d worry about right now.
Effective Stacks
One important concept to understand is effective stacks or effective stack sizes. You want to understand this concept because it will impact when and how much you bet.
To determine the effective stack size, just find the lowest stack size of the remaining players to your left. For example, if there are 5 players to your left and the shortest stack has 15 big blinds, that means effective stack sizes are 15 big blinds.
In this particular example, with effective stack sizes of 15 big blinds you might choose to fold your hand or push all in, as opposed to raising. However, if effective stack sizes are 50 big blinds, then you can resort to your default (betting) strategy. If effective stacks are 150 big blinds, then you’ll play a wider range of hands and will bet (and re-raise) more.
That’s the basic idea. It does get more complicated than this. But I wanted to give you the basics so that you can determine for yourself when it might make more sense to fold, raise or shove all in.
Texas Holdem Blind Clock
Have a Reason or Goal to Bet
If you’re ever questioning when you should bet, just remember that there are only 3 reasons for betting:
- Value – You think/know you have the best hand and you want to earn as many chips as possible.
- Dead Money – Money that is already in the pot, either from antes, blinds, players who folded or a combination of these things.
- Bluff – You want the other player(s) to fold the better hand.
These are the only reasons for betting. Many players make the mistake of thinking that you should bet for information or to protect your hand. However, these reasons are byproducts of the reasons I outline above. If you’re betting to protect your hand, you’re usually betting for value. You’re getting value from hands that are drawing. If you’re betting for information, that’s usually a byproduct of all 3 reasons above. You’ll get your information based on what your opponent does.
The bottom line – if you’re thinking about betting, but you can’t decide if you should bet for value, dead money or to bluff, then you probably don’t have a good enough reason to bet and should check, call or fold instead.
Conclusion — End of Part 1 of Our Texas Holdem Guide
Texas Holdem Blinds App
That’s it for the first part of our guide. You just learned enough to go play for your first game of Texas Holdem, not to mention disguise the fact that you’re a beginner. And if you are confused about anything I discussed here, just re-read the guide again. You’ll also find that any question you may have will be cleared up once you play a couple of hands.
Texas Holdem Small Blind
In the next section of our guide I’m going to explain why you should pay attention at the table, whether you’re in the hand or not, as well as how to classify your opponents and how different types of opponents will impact your strategy. Following that we’re going to get into some math. I’m going to show you how to count poker outs, calculate card odds and pot odds so that you can correctly determine when you’re (profitably) drawing to a better hand.